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Mojo struct

StringLiteral

This type represents a string literal.

String literals are all null-terminated for compatibility with C APIs, but this is subject to change. String literals store their length as an integer, and this does not include the null terminator.

Aliases​

  • type = string:

Fields​

  • ​value (string): The underlying storage for the string literal.

Implemented traits​

AnyType, AsBytes, Boolable, BytesCollectionElement, CollectionElement, CollectionElementNew, Comparable, Copyable, EqualityComparable, EqualityComparableCollectionElement, ExplicitlyCopyable, FloatableRaising, Hashable, IntableRaising, KeyElement, Movable, Representable, Sized, Stringable, Stringlike, Writable, _CurlyEntryFormattable, _HashableWithHasher

Methods​

__init__​

__init__(out self, value: string)

Create a string literal from a builtin string type.

Args:

  • ​value (string): The string value.

__init__(out self, *, other: Self)

Copy constructor.

Args:

  • ​other (Self): The string literal to copy.

__bool__​

__bool__(self) -> Bool

Convert the string to a bool value.

Returns:

True if the string is not empty.

__getitem__​

__getitem__[IndexerType: Indexer](self, idx: IndexerType) -> String

Gets the character at the specified position.

Parameters:

  • ​IndexerType (Indexer): The inferred type of an indexer argument.

Args:

  • ​idx (IndexerType): The index value.

Returns:

A new string containing the character at the specified position.

__lt__​

__lt__(self, rhs: Self) -> Bool

Compare this StringLiteral to the RHS using LT comparison.

Args:

  • ​rhs (Self): The other StringLiteral to compare against.

Returns:

True if this StringLiteral is strictly less than the RHS StringLiteral and False otherwise.

__le__​

__le__(self, rhs: Self) -> Bool

Compare this StringLiteral to the RHS using LE comparison.

Args:

  • ​rhs (Self): The other StringLiteral to compare against.

Returns:

True if this StringLiteral is less than or equal to the RHS StringLiteral and False otherwise.

__eq__​

__eq__(self, rhs: Self) -> Bool

Compare two string literals for equality.

Args:

  • ​rhs (Self): The string to compare.

Returns:

True if they are equal.

__eq__(self, rhs: StringSlice[origin]) -> Bool

Compare two string literals for equality.

Args:

  • ​rhs (StringSlice[origin]): The string to compare.

Returns:

True if they are equal.

__ne__​

__ne__(self, rhs: Self) -> Bool

Compare two string literals for inequality.

Args:

  • ​rhs (Self): The string to compare.

Returns:

True if they are not equal.

__ne__(self, rhs: StringSlice[origin]) -> Bool

Compare two string literals for inequality.

Args:

  • ​rhs (StringSlice[origin]): The string to compare.

Returns:

True if they are not equal.

__gt__​

__gt__(self, rhs: Self) -> Bool

Compare this StringLiteral to the RHS using GT comparison.

Args:

  • ​rhs (Self): The other StringLiteral to compare against.

Returns:

True if this StringLiteral is strictly greater than the RHS StringLiteral and False otherwise.

__ge__​

__ge__(self, rhs: Self) -> Bool

Compare this StringLiteral to the RHS using GE comparison.

Args:

  • ​rhs (Self): The other StringLiteral to compare against.

Returns:

True if this StringLiteral is greater than or equal to the RHS StringLiteral and False otherwise.

__contains__​

__contains__(self, substr: Self) -> Bool

Returns True if the substring is contained within the current string.

Args:

  • ​substr (Self): The substring to check.

Returns:

True if the string contains the substring.

__add__​

__add__(self, rhs: Self) -> Self

Concatenate two string literals.

Args:

  • ​rhs (Self): The string to concat.

Returns:

The concatenated string.

__mul__​

__mul__(self, n: IntLiteral) -> Self

Concatenates the string literal n times. Can only be evaluated at compile time using the alias keyword, which will write the result into The binary.

Examples:

alias concat = "mojo" * 3
print(concat) # mojomojomojo
alias concat = "mojo" * 3
print(concat) # mojomojomojo

.

Args:

  • ​n (IntLiteral): The number of times to concatenate the string literal.

Returns:

The string concatenated n times.

__mul__(self, n: Int) -> String

Concatenates the string n times.

Args:

  • ​n (Int): The number of times to concatenate the string.

Returns:

The string concatenated n times.

__iadd__​

__iadd__(inout self, rhs: Self)

Concatenate a string literal to an existing one. Can only be evaluated at compile time using the alias keyword, which will write the result into the binary.

Example:

fn add_literal(
    owned original: StringLiteral, add: StringLiteral, n: Int
) -> StringLiteral:
    for _ in range(n):
        original += add
    return original


fn main():
    alias original = "mojo"
    alias concat = add_literal(original, "!", 4)
    print(concat)
fn add_literal(
    owned original: StringLiteral, add: StringLiteral, n: Int
) -> StringLiteral:
    for _ in range(n):
        original += add
    return original


fn main():
    alias original = "mojo"
    alias concat = add_literal(original, "!", 4)
    print(concat)

Result:

mojo!!!!
mojo!!!!

Args:

  • ​rhs (Self): The string to concat.

__len__​

__len__(self) -> Int

Get the string length.

Returns:

The length of this StringLiteral.

__int__​

__int__(self) -> Int

Parses the given string as a base-10 integer and returns that value. If the string cannot be parsed as an int, an error is raised.

Returns:

An integer value that represents the string, or otherwise raises.

__float__​

__float__(self) -> SIMD[float64, 1]

Parses the string as a float point number and returns that value. If the string cannot be parsed as a float, an error is raised.

Returns:

A float value that represents the string, or otherwise raises.

__str__​

__str__(self) -> String

Convert the string literal to a string.

Returns:

A new string.

__repr__​

__repr__(self) -> String

Return a representation of the StringLiteral instance.

You don't need to call this method directly, use repr("...") instead.

Returns:

A new representation of the string.

__hash__​

__hash__(self) -> UInt

Hash the underlying buffer using builtin hash.

Returns:

A 64-bit hash value. This value is not suitable for cryptographic uses. Its intended usage is for data structures. See the hash builtin documentation for more details.

__hash__[H: _Hasher](self, inout hasher: H)

Updates hasher with the underlying bytes.

Parameters:

  • ​H (_Hasher): The hasher type.

Args:

  • ​hasher (H): The hasher instance.

__fspath__​

__fspath__(self) -> String

Return the file system path representation of the object.

Returns:

The file system path representation as a string.

__iter__​

__iter__(ref self) -> _StringSliceIter[StaticConstantOrigin]

Return an iterator over the string literal.

Returns:

An iterator over the string.

__reversed__​

__reversed__(self) -> _StringSliceIter[StaticConstantOrigin, 0]

Iterate backwards over the string, returning immutable references.

Returns:

A reversed iterator over the string.

byte_length​

byte_length(self) -> Int

Get the string length in bytes.

Notes: This does not include the trailing null terminator in the count.

Returns:

The length of this StringLiteral in bytes.

unsafe_ptr​

unsafe_ptr(self) -> UnsafePointer[SIMD[uint8, 1]]

Get raw pointer to the underlying data.

Returns:

The raw pointer to the data.

unsafe_cstr_ptr​

unsafe_cstr_ptr(self) -> UnsafePointer[SIMD[int8, 1]]

Retrieves a C-string-compatible pointer to the underlying memory.

The returned pointer is guaranteed to be NUL terminated, and not null.

Returns:

The pointer to the underlying memory.

as_string_slice​

as_string_slice(self) -> StringSlice[StaticConstantOrigin]

Returns a string slice of this static string literal.

Returns:

A string slice pointing to this static string literal.

as_bytes​

as_bytes(self) -> Span[SIMD[uint8, 1], StaticConstantOrigin]

Returns a contiguous Span of the bytes owned by this string.

Returns:

A contiguous slice pointing to the bytes owned by this string.

as_bytes(ref self) -> Span[SIMD[uint8, 1], $1]

Returns a contiguous slice of the bytes owned by this string.

Notes: This does not include the trailing null terminator.

Returns:

A contiguous slice pointing to the bytes owned by this string.

format​

format[*Ts: _CurlyEntryFormattable](self, *args: *Ts) -> String

Format a template with *args.

Examples:

# Manual indexing:
print("{0} {1} {0}".format("Mojo", 1.125)) # Mojo 1.125 Mojo
# Automatic indexing:
print("{} {}".format(True, "hello world")) # True hello world
# Manual indexing:
print("{0} {1} {0}".format("Mojo", 1.125)) # Mojo 1.125 Mojo
# Automatic indexing:
print("{} {}".format(True, "hello world")) # True hello world

.

Parameters:

  • ​*Ts (_CurlyEntryFormattable): The types of substitution values that implement Representable and Stringable (to be changed and made more flexible).

Args:

  • ​*args (*Ts): The substitution values.

Returns:

The template with the given values substituted.

write_to​

write_to[W: Writer](self, inout writer: W)

Formats this string literal to the provided Writer.

Parameters:

  • ​W (Writer): A type conforming to the Writable trait.

Args:

  • ​writer (W): The object to write to.

find​

find(self, substr: Self, start: Int = 0) -> Int

Finds the offset of the first occurrence of substr starting at start. If not found, returns -1.

Args:

  • ​substr (Self): The substring to find.
  • ​start (Int): The offset from which to find.

Returns:

The offset of substr relative to the beginning of the string.

rfind​

rfind(self, substr: Self, start: Int = 0) -> Int

Finds the offset of the last occurrence of substr starting at start. If not found, returns -1.

Args:

  • ​substr (Self): The substring to find.
  • ​start (Int): The offset from which to find.

Returns:

The offset of substr relative to the beginning of the string.

replace​

replace(self, old: Self, new: Self) -> Self

Return a copy of the string with all occurrences of substring old if replaced by new. This operation only works in the param domain.

Args:

  • ​old (Self): The substring to replace.
  • ​new (Self): The substring to replace with.

Returns:

The string where all occurrences of old are replaced with new.

join​

join[T: StringableCollectionElement](self, elems: List[T, hint_trivial_type]) -> String

Joins string elements using the current string as a delimiter.

Parameters:

  • ​T (StringableCollectionElement): The types of the elements.

Args:

  • ​elems (List[T, hint_trivial_type]): The input values.

Returns:

The joined string.

split​

split(self, sep: String, maxsplit: Int = -1) -> List[String]

Split the string literal by a separator.

Examples:

# Splitting a space
_ = "hello world".split(" ") # ["hello", "world"]
# Splitting adjacent separators
_ = "hello,,world".split(",") # ["hello", "", "world"]
# Splitting with maxsplit
_ = "1,2,3".split(",", 1) # ['1', '2,3']
# Splitting a space
_ = "hello world".split(" ") # ["hello", "world"]
# Splitting adjacent separators
_ = "hello,,world".split(",") # ["hello", "", "world"]
# Splitting with maxsplit
_ = "1,2,3".split(",", 1) # ['1', '2,3']

.

Args:

  • ​sep (String): The string to split on.
  • ​maxsplit (Int): The maximum amount of items to split from String. Defaults to unlimited.

Returns:

A List of Strings containing the input split by the separator.

split(self, sep: NoneType = #kgen.none, maxsplit: Int = -1) -> List[String]

Split the string literal by every whitespace separator.

Examples:

# Splitting an empty string or filled with whitespaces
_ = "      ".split() # []
_ = "".split() # []

# Splitting a string with leading, trailing, and middle whitespaces
_ = "      hello    world     ".split() # ["hello", "world"]
# Splitting adjacent universal newlines:
_ = "hello \t\n\v\f\r\x1c\x1d\x1e\x85\u2028\u2029world".split()
# ["hello", "world"]
# Splitting an empty string or filled with whitespaces
_ = "      ".split() # []
_ = "".split() # []

# Splitting a string with leading, trailing, and middle whitespaces
_ = "      hello    world     ".split() # ["hello", "world"]
# Splitting adjacent universal newlines:
_ = "hello \t\n\v\f\r\x1c\x1d\x1e\x85\u2028\u2029world".split()
# ["hello", "world"]

.

Args:

  • ​sep (NoneType): None.
  • ​maxsplit (Int): The maximum amount of items to split from string. Defaults to unlimited.

Returns:

A List of Strings containing the input split by the separator.

splitlines​

splitlines(self, keepends: Bool = 0) -> List[String]

Split the string literal at line boundaries. This corresponds to Python's universal newlines: "\r\n" and "\t\n\v\f\r\x1c\x1d\x1e\x85\u2028\u2029".

Args:

  • ​keepends (Bool): If True, line breaks are kept in the resulting strings.

Returns:

A List of Strings containing the input split by line boundaries.

count​

count(self, substr: String) -> Int

Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring substr in the string literal.

If sub is empty, returns the number of empty strings between characters which is the length of the string plus one.

Args:

  • ​substr (String): The substring to count.

Returns:

The number of occurrences of substr.

lower​

lower(self) -> String

Returns a copy of the string literal with all cased characters converted to lowercase.

Returns:

A new string where cased letters have been converted to lowercase.

upper​

upper(self) -> String

Returns a copy of the string literal with all cased characters converted to uppercase.

Returns:

A new string where cased letters have been converted to uppercase.

rjust​

rjust(self, width: Int, fillchar: Self = " ") -> String

Returns the string right justified in a string literal of specified width.

Args:

  • ​width (Int): The width of the field containing the string.
  • ​fillchar (Self): Specifies the padding character.

Returns:

Returns right justified string, or self if width is not bigger than self length.

ljust​

ljust(self, width: Int, fillchar: Self = " ") -> String

Returns the string left justified in a string literal of specified width.

Args:

  • ​width (Int): The width of the field containing the string.
  • ​fillchar (Self): Specifies the padding character.

Returns:

Returns left justified string, or self if width is not bigger than self length.

center​

center(self, width: Int, fillchar: Self = " ") -> String

Returns the string center justified in a string literal of specified width.

Args:

  • ​width (Int): The width of the field containing the string.
  • ​fillchar (Self): Specifies the padding character.

Returns:

Returns center justified string, or self if width is not bigger than self length.

startswith​

startswith(self, prefix: String, start: Int = 0, end: Int = -1) -> Bool

Checks if the string literal starts with the specified prefix between start and end positions. Returns True if found and False otherwise.

Args:

  • ​prefix (String): The prefix to check.
  • ​start (Int): The start offset from which to check.
  • ​end (Int): The end offset from which to check.

Returns:

True if the self[start:end] is prefixed by the input prefix.

endswith​

endswith(self, suffix: String, start: Int = 0, end: Int = -1) -> Bool

Checks if the string literal end with the specified suffix between start and end positions. Returns True if found and False otherwise.

Args:

  • ​suffix (String): The suffix to check.
  • ​start (Int): The start offset from which to check.
  • ​end (Int): The end offset from which to check.

Returns:

True if the self[start:end] is suffixed by the input suffix.

isdigit​

isdigit(self) -> Bool

Returns True if all characters in the string literal are digits.

Note that this currently only works with ASCII strings.

Returns:

True if all characters are digits else False.

isupper​

isupper(self) -> Bool

Returns True if all cased characters in the string literal are uppercase and there is at least one cased character.

Note that this currently only works with ASCII strings.

Returns:

True if all cased characters in the string literal are uppercase and there is at least one cased character, False otherwise.

islower​

islower(self) -> Bool

Returns True if all cased characters in the string literal are lowercase and there is at least one cased character.

Note that this currently only works with ASCII strings.

Returns:

True if all cased characters in the string literal are lowercase and there is at least one cased character, False otherwise.

strip​

strip(self) -> String

Return a copy of the string literal with leading and trailing whitespaces removed.

Returns:

A string with no leading or trailing whitespaces.

strip(self, chars: String) -> String

Return a copy of the string literal with leading and trailing characters removed.

Args:

  • ​chars (String): A set of characters to be removed. Defaults to whitespace.

Returns:

A string with no leading or trailing characters.

rstrip​

rstrip(self, chars: String) -> String

Return a copy of the string literal with trailing characters removed.

Args:

  • ​chars (String): A set of characters to be removed. Defaults to whitespace.

Returns:

A string with no trailing characters.

rstrip(self) -> String

Return a copy of the string with trailing whitespaces removed.

Returns:

A copy of the string with no trailing whitespaces.

lstrip​

lstrip(self, chars: String) -> String

Return a copy of the string with leading characters removed.

Args:

  • ​chars (String): A set of characters to be removed. Defaults to whitespace.

Returns:

A copy of the string with no leading characters.

lstrip(self) -> String

Return a copy of the string with leading whitespaces removed.

Returns:

A copy of the string with no leading whitespaces.